9 Lua の完全な構文
Lua の完全な構文を拡張 BNF で示します。普通の拡張 BNF と同様に、{A} は 0 個以上の A を表し、[A] は省略可能な A を表します。演算子の優先順位については § 3.4.8 を、終端記号 Name, Numeral, LiteralString については § 3.1 を参照してください。
chunk ::= block
block ::= {stat} [retstat]
stat ::= ‘;’ |
varlist ‘=’ explist |
functioncall |
label |
break |
goto Name |
do block end |
while exp do block end |
repeat block until exp |
if exp then block {elseif exp then block} [else block] end |
for Name ‘=’ exp ‘,’ exp [‘,’ exp] do block end |
for namelist in explist do block end |
function funcname funcbody |
local function Name funcbody |
local attnamelist [‘=’ explist]
attnamelist ::= Name attrib {‘,’ Name attrib}
attrib ::= [‘<’ Name ‘>’]
retstat ::= return [explist] [‘;’]
label ::= ‘::’ Name ‘::’
funcname ::= Name {‘.’ Name} [‘:’ Name]
varlist ::= var {‘,’ var}
var ::= Name | prefixexp ‘[’ exp ‘]’ | prefixexp ‘.’ Name
namelist ::= Name {‘,’ Name}
explist ::= exp {‘,’ exp}
exp ::= nil | false | true | Numeral |
LiteralString | ‘...’ | functiondef |
prefixexp | tableconstructor | exp binop exp | unop exp
prefixexp ::= var | functioncall | ‘(’ exp ‘)’
functioncall ::= prefixexp args | prefixexp ‘:’ Name args
args ::= ‘(’ [explist] ‘)’ | tableconstructor | LiteralString
functiondef ::= function funcbody
funcbody ::= ‘(’ [parlist] ‘)’ block end
parlist ::= namelist [‘,’ ‘...’] | ‘...’
tableconstructor ::= ‘{’ [fieldlist] ‘}’
fieldlist ::= field {fieldsep field} [fieldsep]
field ::= ‘[’ exp ‘]’ ‘=’ exp | Name ‘=’ exp | exp
fieldsep ::= ‘,’ | ‘;’
binop ::= ‘+’ | ‘-’ | ‘*’ | ‘/’ | ‘//’ | ‘^’ | ‘%’ |
‘&’ | ‘~’ | ‘|’ | ‘>>’ | ‘<<’ | ‘..’ |
‘<’ | ‘<=’ | ‘>’ | ‘>=’ | ‘==’ | ‘~=’ |
and | or
unop ::= ‘-’ | not | ‘#’ | ‘~’